Automatic electromagnetic friction-brake.



No. 633,969. Patented Sept. 26, |899.

E. M. TINGLEY.

AUTOMATIC ELEGTROMAGNETIC FHICTION BRAKE.

(Applies-kien Bled Kay 18, 1899.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet ll W/TNESSES:

No. 633,969. Patented Sept. 26, |899.

E. M. TINGLEY.

AUTDMATIG ELECTROMAGNETIC FRICTION BRAKE.

(Application led May 18, 1899.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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No. 633,969. Patented Sept. 26, |899. v

' E. M. TINGLEY.

AUTOMATIC ELECTROMAGNETIC FRICTIUN BRAKE.

(Application filed Muy 18, 1899.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets`$heet 3,

W/ 7'NESSES ATTORNEY.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

EGBERT M. TINGLEY, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLYANIA, ASSIGNOR TO 'llllt IVESTINGIAIOUSE ELECTRIC AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF PENN- SYLVANIA.

AUTOMATIC ELECTROMAGNETIC FRICTION-BRAKE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 683,969, dated September 26, 1899.

Application filed May 18, 1899. Serial No. 717,330. (No model.)

To all 'LU/writ it may concern:

Be it known that I, EGBEET M. TINGLEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Automatic Friction- Brakes, (Case No. 820,) of which the following isla speciiication.

My invention relates to brakes for rotating shafts or axles; and it has for its object to provide a device of this character for use in connection with electric motors which shall act automatically and effectively to stop the rotation of the motor-shaft when the supplycircuit is opened and which shall be withdrawn by the closing Of such supply-circuit.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a View, partially in end elevation and partially in section, of my brake setting and releasing mechanism; and Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the motor-shaft, brake-disks, and supports, parts of the disks being broken away to more clearly show the consti-notion. Fig. 3 is avertical longitudinal section through the brake and its setting and releasing mechanism and showing a portion of an electric motor to which the brake is applied. Fig. a is ahorizontal longitudinal section of the apparatus shown in Fig. 3.

The electric motor l here shown is of the two-phase induction type, the induced or secondary member being mounted upon a shaft o. The inducing or primary member has a {frame or casing et, which affords a support for the brake and its operating mechanism. My invention may, however, be applied to a .polyphase alternating-current motor of difterent type, the machine shown being merely illustrative of any suitable motor which it may be desired to employ.

The casing 5 for the brake is provided with supporting-arms G, which are bolted to the iframe or casing 4 of the motor. This casing 5 surrounds the end of the shaft 3 and includes within it a hub 7, that is keyed or splined to the shaft. The inner periphery of the casing 5 is provided with longitudinal grooves 8, Jtour such grooves being shown in the drawings, though a greater or a less number maybe employed, if desired, and the hub 7 is provided with similar longitudinal grooves 0. A number of annular plat-es lO and ll surround the hub 7 within the casing 5, the plates l0 having lugs l0 on their external periphcries extending into the grooves 8 iu the casing. The plates ll alternate with the plates lO and have lugs lllL on their inner peripheries,which are located in longitudinal grooves 9 in the hub 7. It will be understood that the plates 10 and ll may be provided with notches and the parts 5 and 7 with coperating ribs, if desired, this being a mere reversal of what is shown. The hub 7 is also surrounded inside the casing 5 by au annular follower-plate l2 of such dimensions that the shaft and axle are :free to turn independently thereoi,eXcept when it is pressed against the outer brake-plate l() by means to be hereinafter described.

A two-part frame 13, in which is fastened a laminated core 'l-i by means of bolts l5, is rigidly connected to the follower-plate l2 by means of arms i6 and bolts 17, which extend through the arms and into the plate l2. A second two-part'frame 18 of similar construction and containing a laminated core I9, clamped in the frame by means of bolts 20, is rigidly con nected to the first-named frame by arms 2l, integral with the latter and bolted to the former. The frame 18 is provided at its top and bottom with extensions 22, having openings for the reception of two guide-rods 23, the outer ends of these guide-rods being seated in sockets in lugs 2i, formed on the inner side of an end plate 25. Two frames 2G and 27, similar in form and dimensions to the frames above described, are also provided, the outer one, 27, being bolted to the end plate 25 and containing a laminated core 28, fastened therein by means of bolts 29. The inner end of the core 28 is separated from the outer end of the core 19 by ai r-spaces 30, as is clearly shown in Figs. i3 anda. The frame 2G contains a laminated core 3l, clamped within it by means ot' bolts 32, the inner end of such core being separated from the outer end of the core la by air-spaces The supporting-frame 26 is rigidly connected to the casing 5 by means of arms 34, which are formed integral with the trame and bolted to the cas- IOC) ceases ing, as clearly shown in liig. l. The frame 2b is also rigidly fastened to the frame 27 by means of bolts 35, also shown in Fig. 4.

interposed between the follower-plate l2 and the frame 27 are two coiled springs 3b and 37, each of which is supported at its ends by pins 38 and 39, projecting, respectively, from brackets bolted to the follower-plate l2 and to the frame 27.

Located between the two core-sections la and Sl. is a magnet-coil 40, and located between the two core-sections lf) and 28 is a second magnet-coil fil. lVhen a two-phase alternating-current motor is employed, the current supplied to one of these coils will generally dilier in phase by approximately ninety degrees from that supplied to the other, the leads to the coils extending through a passage 4-2 to the block 13 on the top of the casing 5, this block being provided with binding-screws, as shown in Fig. v3. The movable portions of the magnet-cores are, in effect, armatures and may be so designated. The two coils 40 and el are energized bycurrents which differ in phase in order that the magnetic pull exerted by the magnets when active may be at all times greater than the force exerted by the springs S6. If a threephase motor be employed, three pairs of coresections and three coils may be employed, or by suitably winding and connecting the coils-as indicated, for example, in Patent No. 521,051, granted to C. F. Scott June 5, leila-two mag nets will suffice in all cases.

The utilization of multiphasc current-s for the purpose of securing a constant magnetic pull I do not claim, broadly, as of my invention; but I believe the arrangement of a plurality of polyphase magnets in tandem, as shown, whereby they exert a magnetic pull in the same line, to be original with me.

The brake setting and releasing` mechanism above described is inclosed by the casing and end plate 25 in conjunction with a tubular casing ets, connecting the two.

The operation of the apparatus is as Vfollows: lVhen the circuits through which currents are supplied to the motor are closed, the currents (lowing to th e motor will pass through the magnet-coils either in shunt or in series, preferably the former, and since the core-sections 28 and 3l are stationary the armatures Il and li) will be drawn toward the statioir ary sections against the action of the springs 3G and 37, thus moving the :follower-plate l2 outward. The brake-disks ll will then be free to rotate, and the operation of the motor will not be impeded. so long as the supply-circuits remain closed.

The magnet-core sections are so constructed and arranged that the contiguous faces are always in mechanical contact when the current is on in order to avoid the destructive vibration of the cores which would otherwise obtain. It' the supply-circuits are opened by the controlling-switch, however, in order to stopthe mechanism operated by the motor, the magnets will be deeucrgized and the coiled springs 3G and 537 will instantly force the follower-plate against the end disk 10, and since the disks l0 are held from rotation by reason of the lugs lOa and grooves 8 in the casing 5 the movement of the motor-shaft will be arrested and held stationary until the supply-circuits are again closed.

The mechanism constituting myinvention is especially adapted for use in connection with motors for operating cranes and hoisting machinery; but I do not desire to limit my invention to use in connection with motors employed for any specific class of work, nor do I intend to limit my invention to the specilic details of construction shown and described either as regards the brake mech anism or the mechanism for setting and releasing it.

I claim as my inventionl.. A brake for polyphase alternating-current motors comprising a plurality ol nonrotatable friction-plates, a plurality of plates fastened to the motor-shaft and alternating with the non-rotatable plates, means for nor-v mally holding said plates in braking engagement, a plurality of magnets energized by out-o'f-phase currents, an armature for each magnet, and a connection between the same andthe brake-setting' device, said magnets being arranged in tandem so that they exert a pull in the same line when energized.

2. he combination with a brake and a constantly-acting brake-setting means, of a plurality of magnet-coils energized by polyphase currents, a movable core-section or armature for each coil and means for connecting -the same to the brake-setting means to oppose the normal action of said means, said coils and armatures being arranged in tandem so as to exert a straight-line pull when energized.

3. rlhe combination with a friction-brake and springs for setting the same, of a plurality of coils arranged in tandem to be energized by Out-Of-phase currents, a divided core foreach of said coils, one portion of each core being stationary, the other portions being connected to the brake-setting means,- whereby said movable core portions are drawn toward the stationary portions in the same line, in opposition tothe action of the springs, when the coils are energized.

4:. In a brake for electric motors, the combination with a set of plates rotatable with the motor-shaft and non-rotatable plates alternating therewith, oi' a brake-setting block adjacent to the outer plate at one side, means for pressing said block toward said plates, and a plurality of coils arranged in tandem and having two-part cores, one part of each core being stationary and the other part being connected to the brake-setting block and movable toward the stationary part, whereby all of them act in the same lille to withdraw IOO Ire

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the brake-setting block when energized by i nested to the brakesetting means so as to aet polyphase currents. l in the same line in opposition thereto. 1o 5. The combination with the movable meml In testimony whereof I have hereunto subber or members of a friction-brake, of means 1 scribed my name this 11th day of May, 1895).

5 for automatically setting said brake, and a l EGBERT M. TINGLEY.

brake-releasingmeans comprising a plurality i Vitnesses:

of polyphase magnets arranged in tandem J. H. DAWEs,

and provided with armatures that are eon- A. V. DIGKEY. 

